Table of Contents
Is it Time to Zone the Ocean?
Message from the President
From the Editor’s Desk
Employment Opportunities
Wind Farm Update
Upcoming Conferences
Ocean Yearbook
Chapter News

Is It Time To Zone The Ocean? Back to Table of Contents
by John Duff

Ocean zoning is becoming a catch-phrase that is catching fire. Both the Pew Commission and the U.S. Ocean Commission have issued comprehensive ocean policy reports in recent months and each of those reports is peppered with dozens of references to 'zones' and 'zoning.' So here's the question of the moment (in multiple choice format):
Is it time to zone the ocean?

A. Yes, we need to zone the ocean.
B. No, we don't need to zone the ocean.
C. Too late.
D. All of the above.

Take a few seconds to think it over. Have you thought about it? OK, Time's up. The answer, of course, is D. And here's why. Each of the first three options is a valid response, and your instincts probably told you that.

Yes, We Need To Zone the Ocean
Even if you don't see eye to eye with the Pew and the U.S. Oceans commissions, you're likely to agree with some of their basic findings. In particular, that ocean spaces are increasingly subject to a host of users and activities giving rise to conflicts over the best use of a given area. Simply stated: we can't accommodate all uses in all places at all times; we prefer to use some areas for certain activities/development; we'd like to maintain some areas for low-impact/no impact use; we have an opportunity to increase economic productivity and efficiency; and we would like to sustain many traditional uses. What is being touted as 'ocean zoning' (which I would argue would be better characterized as ocean planning and management) can help us do all of that.

No, We Don't Need To Zone the Ocean
Even if we substitute the terms planning and management for zoning, an argument can be made that we don't need to zone the ocean just yet. The fact is, we still don't understand vast expanses of the ocean. So how can we plan and manage what we don't understand? And even if some of our ocean spaces are subject to conflicting uses and users, let's face it, the ocean is a big place. The ocean areas of the United States are roughly equivalent in size to the land mass of the country. Zoning a nation's entire ocean could be a waste of time, energy and money. Another reason we don't need to zone the ocean is that it's not private property. On land, when we talk about zoning, we usually are talking about land use restrictions on private property owners. If the ocean is public space, why zone it at all, some would argue. And finally, one reason that certain state and federal ocean resource managers are concerned about the 'Z word' is that it ticks people off. Mention 'ocean zoning' within ear shot of fishers or others whose livelihoods depend on access to the sea and you're likely to hear the lament 'don't fence me in' (or even worse, 'don't zone me out.')

Too Late
Option C indicates that the query posed is a trick question to a great degree, since we are not dealing with a blank slate when it comes to 'ocean zoning.' As the US Commission On Ocean Policy report notes:

Although invisible to the naked eye, governments have carved the world's oceans into many zones, based on both international and domestic laws. These zones are often complex, with overlapping legal authorities and agency responsibilities.

In the waters of the United States, Canada and many other maritime nations, a random walk through national, state/provincial, and municipal laws highlights the fact that the oceans and coasts are already buried under multiple monikers. In some cases, boundaries are set to distinguish the relevant legal jurisdictions. As a result we have lines separating federal waters from state waters. Under international laws, ocean zones specify the types of laws that might apply in an ocean area. For example, a coastal nation can apply virtually all of its laws in internal waters, but finds its jurisdiction diluted as it reaches out to sea. Less authority is allowed in a country's Territorial Sea that can reach out to twelve miles, still less in the Contiguous Zone that can stretch another twelve miles out, and less still in the Exclusive Economic Zone that can reach out as far as two hundred nautical miles into the sea.

Talk to scientists and others who study the seas and you'll hear them mention the 'zones' that define the ecology of an area and the types of activity that may take place. There are coastal zones, riparian zones, buffer zones, productivity zones, retention zones, and last but not least, dead zones. In addition to all of that zoning are the multitude of designations that effectively tell you what's allowed or prohibited in an ocean area. Look at a variety of nautical charts and you'll find shipping channels, marine sanctuaries, recreational diving spots, oil and gas platforms, and security zones.

All of the Above
While some may have been tempted to answer A, B, or C, you can see why All of the Above is an answer that reflects reality as well as varying perspectives.

A Possible Starting Point
Given that there are sound reasons to zone some ocean areas and refrain from zoning others and in light of the fact that ocean zoning has been going on in an ad hoc fashion for centuries, we might do well to look to the land as we consider managing our great public offshore spaces. Let's consider some of the principles that have been applied when it comes to managing public lands:

Don't sell public lands, do inventory them;
Plan for present and future use;
Establish rules and regulations after considering views of the general public;
Establish goals and objectives as guidelines for public land use planning;
Manage on the basis of multiple use and sustained yield;
Manage to protect scientific/scenic/historical/ ecological/environmental/ air & atmospheric/water resource/archeological values;
Preserve and protect certain public lands in their natural condition; and,
Obtain fair market value of the use of the public lands and resources. - (see Federal Land Policy and Management Act 43 USC §1701)

The application of those principles could serve as a framework for an ocean space designation process that will better serve the beneficiaries of our public ocean resources.

President's Message Back to Table of Contents

Fall is a season of vivid change. The colors of the landscapes change dramatically over the course of a few short weeks. Wardrobes change to prepare for cooler weather. People and institutions prepare for changes as well. Elections have dominated discussions of how certain changes might take place to facilitate policy and administrative shifts.

And while the mission of TCS remains constant, the means by which we implement our objectives changes over time as well. This fall, TCS moves into its own election season signaling certain transitions. TCS members are called upon to elect a new President-elect. As my own capacity on the board ripens from that of President to past-president, Paul Ticco will take the reigns on January 1, 2005 as TCS President. In addition to a new President-elect, TCS members will also vote to fill the next terms of the organization's treasurer and two board members. For those of you who have voted , Thank You!
Some board changes have already taken place.

A note of thanks to Tom Skinner
Recently, board member Tom Skinner stepped down from his position helping direct the efforts of TCS. As many of you know, Tom's leadership on coastal governance matters is longstanding. For the last few years, Tom served as the Director of the Massachusetts Coastal Zone Management Office.

Tom joined the TCS Board last year and was an important contributor to our organization's recent efforts to increase student involvement and enhance the development of young professionals. Tom also played a key role in co-chairing one of the TCS biennial conference tracks. In September, Tom moved from the state government sector to the private sector. He also stepped aside from his TCS role to, as he put it, "allow another deserving person an opportunity to serve on the TCS Board." On behalf of the Board and membership of The Coastal Society, thanks for all of your time, energy, and wisdom Tom!

A warm welcome to Ruth Kelty
In October, Dr. Ruth Kelty was appointed to fill out the remainder of Tom's board seat. Dr. Kelty has been an active participant in TCS efforts over the course of the last few years and has taken the initiative on a number of occasions to help fulfill TCS's communication, outreach and partnership efforts. Ruth's recent work at NOAA has focused on coral reef stewardship. In her role as a TCS board member, Ruth has indicated a strong interest in developing marine resource monitoring systems that can increase the effectiveness of management efforts.

While changes abound, our mission remains the same: to actively address emerging coastal issues by fostering dialogue, forging partnerships, and promoting communication and education.

John Duff TCS President

From the Editor's Desk Back to Table of Contents

Welcome to another issue of TCS BULLETIN. In this issue, the BULLETIN touches on the high profile topic of 'ocean zoning' (page 1) and suggests that while the phrase might be relatively new, the concept has been around for quite some time. This issue also provides a wealth of information for readers interested in fellowship, job, and publishing opportunities (see faculty posts, page 4; professional and fellowship positions, page 5; and, the OCEAN YEARBOOK call for papers, page 9). As always, we've provided information and links related to upcoming conferences (page 8).

We also hear from some of our regional and student chapters (page 10) and provide you with an update to the windfarm article that was published in TCS Bulletin Volume 25, Issue 1 (page 7). The President's message (page 2) outlines a recent change in the Board of Directors and points out that the composition of the TCS Board will change even more as we conclude our fall election cycle. We prepare for other changes as well.

We have determined that it's time to move the BULLETIN firmly into the electronic age. For the past year or so we have been producing the BULLETIN in parallel media, a paper version mailed out to TCS members and an electronic version viewable via the World Wide Web. At the TCS general membership meeting in May 2004, you voted to concentrate on electronic communication and direct our financial resources to Society efforts other than the costly printing and mass mailing of the BULLETIN. This decision was not taken lightly. The parallel distribution effort was designed to ensure that portions of our membership (particularly those with limited internet access) would not slip through the cracks. With each passing year, it became clearer that our members would be served as well (and in some ways better) by shifting to an electronic version of the bulletin that could be made available to members within a matter of minutes rather than a matter of weeks.

As we prepare to make that shift, we want to ensure you that we will continue to produce a very limited number of paper copies of the BULLETIN to distribute to those members who have subscribed as Library or Institution members. If you determine that your own needs would be better met with a paper copy, please subscribe in one of those two categories.

Finally, I want to thank Chantal Lefebvre, Dan Hellin and Jack Wiggin at the Urban Harbors Institute (UHI) for lending a hand on the production of this issue of the BULLETIN. TCS will continue to build partnerships with organizations like UHI to serve our common goals of coastal outreach, education and stewardship.

John Duff

Employment Opportunities Back to Table of Contents

Tenure Track Faculty Positions, University of Massachusetts Boston
The Department of Environmental, Earth and Ocean Science (EEOS) (http://www.ecos.umb.edu/) seeks two tenure-track faculty for September 2005:

(1) Assistant Professor in Coastal Geology/Physical Geoscience with research focused on the coastal environment. Competency in GIS preferred.

(2) Assistant or Associate Professor in either Geographic Information Technologies (GIT) or Environmental Remote Sensing Using GIS. For the GIT position, preference will be given to applicants with experience in applying GIS for urban/economic applications as well as applications that link urban dynamics with coastal and ocean environments. For the Remote Sensing position, applicants should have experience with GIS, spatial statistics and their integration with remote sensing, and have experience with high resolution and hyper spectral imagery and large dataset management. The successful applicant is expected to participate in the GIS certificate program and the campus-wide Applied GIS Core Facility. The individual must have interests in understanding and managing the effects of natural and human perturbations on linked watershed-coastal or coastal-marine ecosystems.

Applicants for both positions must have a fundamental commitment to join a multidisciplinary faculty that emphasizes linkages between the social and natural sciences. Preference will be given to candidates with strong quantitative skills, with a sincere commitment to interdisciplinary research who are willing to both initiate and participate in team-based research projects, and whose research complements research by other EEOS faculty. Applicants must have a well-conceived research and teaching program, capable of supporting graduate research through external funding. Teaching responsibilities include supervising graduate and undergraduate students and teaching both undergraduate and graduate courses related to their discipline. Qualifications: Ph.D. with post-doctoral experience. Send a cover letter that includes statements of interests and goals in research and teaching, c.v., and three letters of reference to: Dean, College of Science and Mathematics, Search 525b (geol) or 520b (GIT), University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA 02125-3393. Application review will begin on 15 December and continue until position is filled. UMass Boston is an Affirmative Action, Equal Opportunity Title IX employer.

Program Associate, Climate Change Program, World Wildlife Fund
Coordinate impacts projects, identify new impact stories from scientific literature, create basic briefing documents and assist in publication production. Position requires a BA in biological or physical science, three years research experience and a solid working knowledge of climate change science. Masters Degree preferred. Excellent research and writing skills are highly desirable. To apply, please visit http://www.worldwildlife.org/about/jobs.cfm or send cover letter and resume by fax to (202) 293-9211, or by mail to World Wildlife Fund, Human Resources Dept. #25050, 1250 24th Street, NW, Washington, DC 20037. For more info about WWF: www.worldwildlife.org. NO TELEPHONE INQUIRIES PLEASE.

Marine Policy Fellowship at University of Delaware
A research assistantship is available from the Marine Policy Program in the Graduate College of Marine Studies at (CMS) the University of Delaware for a qualified student-applicant interested in policyfocused research related to commercial vessels collisions with north Atlantic right whales along the U.S. and Canadian Atlantic coasts. The project will model ship traffic spatially and temporally, by vessel class along the Atlantic coast using spatial and port-specific data. The investigation will expand regionallyspecific insights to enable better assessment of the collision risk between ships and right whales. Motivated individuals with experience; education in policy, science and/or economic disciplines; and a strong interest in interdisciplinary policy-focused research are encouraged to apply for admission to the CMS Marine Policy Program. A background in statistics and/or GIS is highly desirable. Fellowship funds include tuition waiver and stipend for a minimum of two years. Twelve-month stipends are $20,800 for Ph.D. students and slightly less for Master's students. A Ph.D. student is preferred but strong Master's applicants will be considered. Depending on need and individual circumstances, a nine-month stipend will be considered as well. For further information on the fellowship, contact Professor Jeremy Firestone, Marine Policy Program, Graduate College of Marine Studies, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, tel: (302) 831-0228, email:jf@udel.edu

Marine Finfish Field Operations Supervisor, ODFW, Newport, OR
The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Marine Resources Program is recruiting for the position of Marine Finfish Field Operations Supervisor in Newport, Oregon. The position oversees and manages the marine finfish fishery sampling program. He/she will plan, direct, and supervise the fieldwork of port biologists and commercial fisheries samplers within the Marine Resources Program. FMI: http://www.dfw.state.or.us/hr/Jobs.html#opps. Applications due November 18, 2004.

Habitat Restoration Program Manager (search re-opened)
People For Puget Sound People For Puget Sound, a citizens' environmental organization dedicated to the protection and restoration of Puget Sound and the Northwest Straits, seeks an experienced Habitat Restoration Program Manager in our Seattle office. FMI: www.pugetsound.org

Program Coordinator, Ecosystem-based Management Information Manager, Ecosystem-based Management
The positions are listed at http://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/fmt/doc?/nceas-web/opportunity/. These positions are part of an exciting new program at NCEAS funded by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. Salaries are competitive and commensurate with experience. Review of applications will begin immediately.

Offshore Windfarm Update Back to Table of Contents

In TCS BULLETIN 25(1), Isaac Wilhelm presented readers with an overview of the prospect of an offshore windfarm that might be developed in Nantucket Sound (Offshore Wind Farm Sparks Debate, p.1). Recently, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers released a Draft Environmental Impact Statement outlining the proposed project. The report is available on-line at www.nae.usace.army.mil/projects/ma/ccwf/deis.htm

To learn more about some of the perspectives on offshore wind energy

ALLIANCE TO PROTECT NANTUCKET SOUND
www.saveoursound.org

CAPE COD TIMES
www.capecodonline.com/special/windfarm

CAPE WIND ASSOCIATES, LLC
www.capewind.org

CONSERVATION LAW FOUNDATION
www.clf.org/programs/cases.asp?id=187

Upcoming Conferences Back to Table of Contents

7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SHELLFISH RESTORATION
NOVEMBER 17 - 20, 2004, CHARLESTON, SC
Approaches to restore coastal ecosystems through habitat quality assessment and restoration; stock enhancement, management, restoration; and habitat remediation through watershed management. Contact: Elaine Knight, South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium, 287 Meeting St., Charleston, SC 29401. Phone: 843-727-2078. E-mail: Elaine.Knight@scseagrant.org
FMI: http://www.scseagrant.org.

EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON COASTAL ZONE RESEARCH
NOVEMBER 22 - 25, 2004, PORTOROZ, SLOVENIA
FMI: http://www.nilu.no/projects/eloise

COASTAL GEOTOOLS '05
MARCH 7 - 10, 2005, MYRTLE BEACH, SOUTH CAROLINA
Coastal GeoTools is the conference series that focuses on the technical information needs of the nation's coastal programs. The goals of the conference are to promote the understanding and applied uses of geospatial data and tools for studying and effectively managing the coast and to further the goals of the National Spatial Data Infrastructure.
FMI: http://www.csc.noaa.gov/geotools/

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COASTAL CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT (ICCCM2005)
APRIL 17 - 20, 2005, Vilamoura, Algarve, PORTUGAL
FMI: http://icccm2005.tripod.com

SOLUTIONS TO COASTAL DISASTERS CONFERENCE 2005
MAY 8 - 11, 2005, CHARLESTON, SC
FMI: http://www.asce.org/conferences/cd05/cd05_about.cfm

INTERNATIONAL MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE
JUNE 7 - 12, 2005, ST. JOHN'S, NFLD, CANADA
IMBC 2005 will offer an international forum for the world's leading scientist working at the cutting edge of marine biotechnology.
FMI: http://www.imbc2005.org

COASTAL ZONE 05
JULY 17 - 21, 2005, NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA, USA
CZ05 will focus on balancing the issues and interests of land and sea. With over 1,000 participants expected from all over the world, this conference promises to provide valuable tools, lessons learned, and new ideas to help address the coastal management issues we're all facing.
FMI: http://www.csc.noaa.gov/cz/

DUNES & ESTUARIES 2005
SEPTEMBER 19 - 20, 2005 CASINO KOKSIJDE, BELGIUM
International conference on: Nature Restoration Practices in European Coastal Habitats.
FMI: http://www.vliz.be/de2005/

INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF SEAS & OCEANS
SEPTEMBER 20 - 25, 2005, IN SZCZECIN-SWINOUJSCIE, POLAND
FMI: http://www.wsm.szczecin.pl/iirm/kongres/index.htm

THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL MARINE PROTECTED AREAS CONGRESS
OCTOBER 23 - 27, 2005, GEELONG, AUSTRALIA
FMI: http://www.impacongress.org/

Ocean Yearbook: Volume 20 Back to Table of Contents
Call for Papers and 2005 Student Paper Competition

For over 20 years the Ocean Yearbook has published leading edge articles, reports and reference materials devoted to the issues and concerns affecting the world's oceans. Marine biologists, oceanographers, and specialists in foreign policy, ocean development, coastal zone management, international law, and strategic studies around the world have found the Ocean Yearbook an invaluable tool for research on this vital global resource. Editorship of the Ocean Yearbook is a cooperative effort of the International Ocean Institute and Dalhousie University Law School. The Ocean Yearbook editors - Aldo Chircop, Moira L. McConnell and Scott Coffen-Smout - are now inviting submissions for Volume 20. Research articles, thinkpieces, and surveys on one or more of the following topics will be considered for publication:

Issues and Prospects
Ocean Governance
Living Resources of the Ocean
Non-living Ocean Resources
Transportation and Communications
Environment and Coastal Management
Maritime Security
Military Activities
Regional Developments
Training and Education

Marine affairs subjects are deemed to include coastal and ocean policy, integrated coastal management, community-based or co-management of natural resources, law of the sea, domestic marine environmental law, etc. The themes may be sectoral (e.g., fisheries, marine transportation, security, mineral resources, tourism, marine scientific research and technology, etc.), multisectoral, or integrated (e.g., sea-use planning, regionalism). Papers may have international, national or comparative perspectives. Papers with a strictly or narrowly scientific theme are not admissible. Manuscripts should be between 4,000 and 20,000 words in length, written in English, typed and doubled-spaced on letter-size (A4 or 8.5 x 11) paper, with full bibliographic citations in the form of Chicago style footnotes. Citation guidelines can be viewed at http://as01.ucis.dal.ca/wag/template/uploads/law/oybguidelines.pdf or will be sent on request. Please note that manuscripts are refereed before acceptance. While every effort is made to respond rapidly to authors, the review process can take several months. Authors are responsible for securing in advance of submission any copyright clearances necessary for the publication of their work. The deadline for manuscript submission for Volume 20 is March 31, 2005. Please submit manuscripts or any inquiries to the editorial office at the address below.

Chapter News Back to Table of Contents

CASCADIA CHAPTER NEWS
by Bob Goodwin

Elsie Hulsizer stepped down after four years on the Board as Washington State Director.Stacy Fawell, a recent graduate of University of Washington's School of Marine Affairs, has been appointed to Elsie's position and will serve out the remainder of her term.

The Chapter is undergoing a review and potential restructuring. Its sheer geographic size has been a constraint on face-to-face membership contact and events. The Board is considering a variety of alternative structures guided by the proposition that coastal management - our core shared interest - is primarily a state-by-state affair, notwithstanding regional cooperative institutions like the Columbia River Estuary Study Team (CREST) and the Puget Sound-Georgia Basin Initiative. The states and sub-state regions such as San Francisco Bay and Puget Sound are where our membership works and lives, and where the issues we feel strongly about are to be tackled. It might make more sense, then, to organize at those scales rather than at the Cascadia super-regional level. Over the coming months we'll be weighing a variety of options and asking our membership to comment on their merits. Stay tuned.

DUKE STUDENT CHAPTER UPDATE
by Sera Harold

The Duke University Student Chapter of the Coastal Society has been busy in North Carolina sponsoring a couple of important events. In the coming months we hope to strengthen our membership and continue to provide education, resources and a little fun for the students and area residents here at the coast.

On September 25th, the Coastal Society sponsored the 4th Annual Neuse River Foundation Sprint Triathlon. With help from Dr. Mike Orbach, we were able to raise a couple thousand dollars for the Neuse River Foundation. The event has become a graduate student tradition at Duke and the participation continues to increase.

On October 2nd-3rd the Duke Chapter sponsored and ran a booth at the North Carolina Seafood Festival in Morehead City. Our theme was "Ocean-Friendly Seafood." We sold locally channel netted shrimp kabobs and provided over 5,000 seafood cards to customers. All of the coastal society student members came out to help peel 200 pounds of shrimp and spread the word at the Seafood Festival. The money raised will be used to increase membership in the Duke Student Chapter.

UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON STUDENT CHAPTER UPDATE
by Summer M. Morlock

TCSUW is just kicking off the fall quarter and has been busy recruiting new students and planning events for the upcoming year. We are currently working on scheduling quarterly panel discussions on coastal issues and hosting social events to network with local coastal professionals and other similarly aligned student organizations. In addition, we are planning field trips and volunteer events focusing on restoration efforts in Puget Sound for the Winter Quarter.